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You are here: Home / Fluoride Crystal / Ce:LiSAF

Ce:LiSAF

Lithium strontium hexafluoroaluminate (LiSrAlF6, LiSAF) are excellent host materials for tunable all-solid-state lasers in the UV region when doped with trivalent cerium(Ce:LiSAF).The gain spectra of Ce:LiSAF is in the range 280-320 nm and is characteristic of the Ce3+ 5d1–4f1 interconfigurational transition. Ce:LiSAF is attractive UV solid-state laser materials with the central emission wavelength at 290 nm and a practical tuning range from 288 to 315 nm. The slope efficiencies of Ce:LiSAF has been reported to reach as high as 29%. The broad gain-bandwidth of this fluoride crystals in the UV region has made it appealing for ultrashort-pulse generation and amplification. It can also be pumped by the fourth harmonic of a Nd:YAG laser. Ce:LiSAF is the preferred material of the colquiriite hosts, since it shows higher gains than Ce:LiCAF.

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Parameter

Material and Specifications
Orientation Tolerance5ˊ
Parallelism<10〞
Perpendicularity5ˊ
Chamfer0.1mm@45°
Surface Quality10/5 or better
Wavefront Distortionλ/8 @632.8 nm
Surface Flatnessλ/10 @632.8 nm
Clear Aperture>95%
Diameter Tolerance+0/-0.05mm
Length Tolerance±0.1mm
CoatingsAs per requirement
Dopant Concentration Tolerance0.10%
Physical and Chemical Properties
Crystal StructureTrigonal
Space GroupP31C
Lattice Constantsa=5.08, c=10.15Å@1mol%CeF3
Density (g/cm3)3.45
Melting Point766°C
Thermal Conductivity(W·m-1·K-1)3.1
Thermal Expansion(10-6K-1)21.6(∥a),-6.7(∥c)
Optical Characteristics
Absorption Cross-section(10-18cm2)@266nm 7.3(π), 6.6(σ)
Absorption Coefficient@266nm7cm-1
Refractive Indexn=1.42
Peak Lasing Wavelength(nm)290
Fluorescence Lifetime(ns)28
Emission Cross-section(10-18cm2)@290nm9.5(π), 6.1(σ)
Laser Threshold(μJ)15-25
Laser Slope Efficiency29%
Estimated Pumping Efficiency50(π), 20(σ)
ESA Cross-section(10-18cm2)@266nm6.5π), 23(σ)
Gain Cross-section(10-18cm2)@290nm6.8(π), 1.5(σ)
Saturation Fluence(mJ/cm2)100
Index of Refraction
λ(μm)nλ(μm)nλ(μm)n
0.181.510.321.455.821.39
0.191.500.431.446.201.38
0.211.490.881.436.711.37
0.221.482.671.427.001.36
0.241.473.941.417.531.35
0.271.465.011.408.221.34
Spectrum

Feature
Application
Literature
Feature
  • large band gaps and low phonon energies
  • Characteristic of the Ce3+5d1–4f1 interconfigurational transition
  • High fluorescence efficiencies
  • Small non-linear refractive indices
  • Can be pumped by the fourth harmonic of a Nd:YAG laser
  • Transparency, tolerance to laser-induced damage
  • Broad UVtunability (from 280 to 325 nm)
Application
  • Scintillator
  • Tunable ultraviolet lasers
  • Remote-sending applications
  • Ultrafast pulse generation and amplification
  • Power UV laser amplifiers
Literature
[1]  Mcgonigle A ,  Coutts D W ,  Girard S , et al. A 10 kHz Ce:LiSAF laser pumped by the sum-frequency-mixed output of a copper vapour laser[J]. Optics Communications, 2003, 193(1-6):233-236.
[2]  Laroche M ,  Girard S , R Moncorgé, et al. Beneficial effect of Lu3+ and Yb3+ ions in UV laser materials[J]. Optical Materials, 2003, 22(2):147-154.
[3]  Yanagida T ,  Kawaguchi N ,  Fujimoto Y , et al. Ce and Eu-doped LiSrAlF6 scintillators for neutron detectors[J]. Radiation Measurements, 2011, 46(12):1708-1711.
[4]  Bayramian A J ,  Marshall C D ,  Wu J H , et al. Ce:LiSrAlF6 Laser Performance with Antisolarant Pump Beam[J]. Journal of Luminescence, 1996, 69(2):85-94.
[5]  Demirbas U . Cr: Colquiriite Lasers: Current Status and Challenges for Further Progress.  2018.
[6]  Yamaji A ,  Yokota Y ,  Yanagida T , et al. Crystal growth and dopant segregation of Ce:LiSrAlF_6 and Eu:LiSrAlF_6 crystals with high dopant concentrations[J]. Journal of Crystal Growth, 2012, 352(1):p.106-109.
[7]  Yamaji A ,  Yanagida T ,  Kawaguchi N , et al. Crystal growth and scintillation properties of Ce and Eu doped LiSrAlF_6[J]. Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research, 2011, 659(1):p.368-372.
[8] Yanagida, T, Yoshikawa, et al. Crystal growth, optical properties, and a-ray responses of Ce-doped LiCaAlF6 for different Ce concentration[J]. OPTICAL MATERIALS -AMSTERDAM-, 2009.
[9]  Yokota Y ,  Tanaka C ,  Kurosawa S , et al. Effects of Ca/Sr Ratio Control on Optical and Scintillation Properties of Eu-doped Li(Ca,Sr)AlF 6 Single Crystals[J]. Journal of Crystal Growth, 2018, 490:71-76.
[10]  Johnson K S ,  Pask H M ,  Withford M J , et al. Efficient all-solid-state Ce:LiLuF laser source at 309 nm[J]. Optics Communications, 2005, 252(1):132-137.
[11]  Rambaldi P , R Moncorgé,  Wolf J P , et al. Efficient and stable pulsed laser operation of Ce:LiLuF 4 around 308 nm[J]. Optics Communications, 1998, 146(1-6):163-166.
[12]  Shiran N ,  Gektin A ,  Neicheva S , et al. Energy storage in Ce-doped LiCaAlF 6 and LiSrAlF 6 crystals[J]. Radiation Measurements, 2004, 38(4-6):459-462.
[13]  Shiran N ,  Gektin A ,  Neicheva S , et al. Energy transfer in pure and Ce-doped LiCaAlF6 and LiSrAlF6 crystals[J]. Nuclear Inst & Methods in Physics Research A, 2005, 537(1/2):266-270.
[14]  Wakahara S ,  Yanagida T ,  Fujimoto Y , et al. Evaluation of Ce3+ and alkali metal ions Co-doped LiSrAlF6 crystalline scintillators[J]. Radiation Measurements, 2013, 56(Complete):111-115.
[15]  Luong M V ,  Empizo M ,  Cadatal-Raduban M , et al. First-principles calculations of electronic and optical properties of LiCaAlF6 and LiSrAlF6 crystals as VUV to UV solid-state laser materials[J]. Optical Materials, 2016, 65.
[16]  Joubert M F ,  Guyot Y ,  Jacquier B , et al. Fluoride crystals and high lying excited states of rare earth ions[J]. Journal of Fluorine Chemistry, 2001, 107(2):235-240.
[17] K Shimamura and H Sato and A Bensalah and H Machida and N Sarukura and T Fukuda. Growth of Ce-doped Colquiriite- and Scheelite-type single crystals for UV laser applications[J]. Optical Materials, 2002.
[18] Laboratory wins awards[J]. Optics & Laser Technology, 1996, 28(8):iv.
[19] Laser remote sensing[J]. TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, 1998, 17(8-9):491-500.
[20]  Samtleben T A ,  Hulliger J . LiCaAlF6 and LiSrAlF6: Tunable solid state laser host materials[J]. Optics and Lasers in Engineering, 2005, 43(3-5):251-262.
[21]  Spence D J ,  Liu H ,  Coutts D W . Low-threshold miniature Ce:LiCAF lasers[J]. Optics Communications, 2006, 262(2):238-240.
[22]  Castillo V K ,  Quarles G J . Progress in the crystal growth of Ce : colquiriites[J]. Journal of Crystal Growth, 1997, 174(1):337–341.
[23]  Tiihonen M ,  Pasiskevicius V ,  F  Laurell. Tailored UV-laser source for fluorescence spectroscopy of biomolecules[J]. Optics & Lasers in Engineering, 2007, 45(4):444-449.
[24]  Fujimoto Y ,  Nakanishi J ,  Yamada T , et al. Visible fiber lasers excited by GaN laser diodes[J]. Progress in Quantum Electronics, 2013, 37(4):185-214.
[25]  TaijuTsuboi,ValentinPetrov,FrankNoack,KiyoshiShimamura,Femtosecond relaxation in Ce ions in LiCaAlF and LiSrAlF,ScienceDirect,Volumes 323–324, 12 July 2001, Pages 688-691

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